Publications

2021

Journal papers

Long, D., Morkos, B., and Ferguson, S., 2021, “Toward Quantifiable Evidence of Excess’ Value Using Personal Gaming Desktops,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 143(3): 031712, doi: 10.1115/1.4049520.

Long, D., and Ferguson, S., 2021, “Assessing Lifecycle Value Using Object-based Modeling by Incorporating Excess and Changeability,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 143(5): 051703, doi: 10.1115/1.4048218.

Elliott, C. M., Ferguson, S., and Buckner, G., 2021, “The Cost-Sorted Distance Method for Identifying Minima within Firefly Optimization Results: Application to Engineering Design,” Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, 21(1): 011005, doi: 10.1115/1.4047544.

2020

Journal papers

Long, D., and Ferguson, S., 2020, “Studying Dynamic Change Probabilities and Their Role in Change Propagation,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 142(10): 101701, doi: 10.1115/1.4046674.

Donndelinger, J., and Ferguson, S., 2020, “Design for Marketing Mix: The Past, Present, and Future of Market-Driven Product Design,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 142(6): 060801, doi: 10.1115/1.4045041.

Conference papers

Long, D., Morkos, B., and Ferguson, S., 2020, “Forecasting the Value of Excess in Personal Gaming Desktops,” Proceedings of the ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2020-22248.

Dunbar, S., and Ferguson, S., 2020, “A Consumer Dissatisfaction Model Linking Dynamic Pricing with Shifted Product-Use in Residential Electricity Markets,” Proceedings of the ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2020-22499.

2019

Journal papers

Patel, M., Jerrigan, S., Ferguson, S., and Bucker, G., 2019, “Autonomous Robotics for Identification and Management of Invasive Aquatic Plant Species”, Applied Sciences, 9(12): 2410, doi: 10.3390/app9122410.

Conference papers

Yadav, D., Long, D., Morkos, B., and Ferguson, S., 2019, “Estimating the Value of Excess: A Case Study of Gaming Computers, Consoles, and the Video Game Industry,” Proceedings of the ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2019-98428.

Long, D., and Ferguson, S., 2019, “An Excess Based Approach to Change Propagation,” Proceedings of the ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2019-98404.

Dunbar, S., and Ferguson, S., 2019, “The Impact of Consumer Preference Distributions on Dynamic Electricity Pricing for Residential Demand Response,” Proceedings of the ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2019-98219.

2018

Journal papers

Long, D., Rehm, P.J., and Ferguson, S., 2018, “Benefits and challenges of using unmanned aerial systems in the monitoring of electrical distribution systems,” The Electricity Journal, 31(2): 26-32, doi: 10.1016/j.tej.2018.02.004.

Conference papers

Ferguson, S., “The perils of ignoring uncertainty in market simulations and product line optimization,” 2018 Sawtooth Software Conference.

Long, D., and Ferguson, S., 2018, “Exploring System Architecture Attributes and Dynamic Change Propagation,” Proceedings of the ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2018-86049.

2017

Journal papers

Allen, J., Mattson, C., Thacker, K., and Ferguson, S., 2017, “Design for Excess Capability to Handle Uncertain Product Requirements in a Developing World Setting,” Research in Engineering Design28: 511-527, doi: 10.1007/s00163-017-0253-8.

Joglekar, S., Von Hagel, K., Pankow, M., and Ferguson, S., 2017, “Exploring How Optimal Composite Design is Influenced by Model Fidelity and Multiple Objectives,” Composite Structures160: 964-975, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.10.089.

Edwin, L., Gemmer, T., Mazzoleni, A., and Ferguson, S., 2017, “Modeling, Construction and Experimental Validation of Actuated Rolling Dynamics of the Cylindrical Transforming Roving-Rolling Explorer (TRREx),” Acta Astronautica, 132(3): 43-53, doi: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2016.11.006.

Conference papers

White, S., and Ferguson, S., 2017, “Exploring Architecture Selection and System Evolvability,” Proceedings of the ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2017-68290.

Donndelinger, J., and Ferguson, S., 2017, “Design for Marketing Mix: The Past, Present, and Future of Market-Driven Product Design,” Proceedings of the ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2017-68275.

Zeliff, K.., Bennette, W., and Ferguson, S., 2017, “Benchmarking the Performance of a Machine Learning Classifier Enabled Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm on Six Standard Test Functions,” Proceedings of the ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2017-68332.

Long, D., and Ferguson, S., 2017, “A Case Study of Evolvability and Excess on the B-52 Stratofortress and F/A-18 Hornet,” Proceedings of the ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2017-67886.

2016

Journal papers

Shin, J., and Ferguson, S., 2016, “Exploring Product Solution Differences Due to Choice Model Selection in the Presence of Noncompensatory Decisions With Conjunctive Screening RulesJournal of Mechanical Design, 139(2): 021402, doi: 10.1115/1.4035051.

Allen, J., Mattson, C. A., and Ferguson, S., 2016, “Evaluation of System Evolvability Based on Usable Excess,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 138(9): 091101, doi: 10.1115/1.4033989.

Cansler, E., White, S., Ferguson, S., and Mattson, C., 2016, “Excess Identification and Mapping in Engineered Systems,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 138(8): 081103, doi: 10.1115/1.4033884.

Antonik, M., O’Connor, B., and Ferguson, S., 2016, “Performance and Design Comparison of a Bulk Thermoelectric Cooler with a Hybrid Architecture,” Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 8(2): 021022, doi: 10.1115/1.4032637.

Watson, J. D., Allen, J. D., Mattson, C. A., Ferguson, S. M., 2016, “Optimization of Excess System Capability for Increased Evolvability,” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 53(6): 1277-1294, doi: 10.1007/s00158-015-1378-x.

Conference papers

Shin, J., and Ferguson, S., 2016, “Product Line Design Search Considering Reliability and Robustness Under Uncertainty in Discrete Choice Methods,” Proceedings of the ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2016-59535.

Zeliff, K., Bennette, W., and Ferguson, S., 2016, “Multi-objective Composite Panel Optimization Using Machine Learning Classifiers and Genetic Algorithms,” Proceedings of the ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2016-60125.

Malinga, B., Ferguson, S., and Buckner, G., 2016, “Design Optimization and Analysis of a Prescribed Vibration System,” Proceedings of the ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2016-60096.

Young, K., and Ferguson, S., 2016, “Informed Genetic Algorithm Crossover Operators for Market-Driven Design,” Proceedings of the ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2016-59534.

Long, D. E., and Ferguson, S., 2016, “A Value Driven Design Approach to Municipal Electric Utility Unmanned Aerial Systems Deployment,” AIAA Aviation 2016, Washington DC., June 13-17, 2016, AIAA 2016-3451.

 

2015

Journal papers

Tianlei, S., Peavey, J., Shelby, M., Ferguson, S., and O’Connor, B., 2015, “Heat Shrink Formation of a Corrugated Thin Film Thermoelectric Generator,” Journal of Energy Conversion & Management, 103: 674-680, doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.07.016.

Belt, A., Von Hagel, K., and Ferguson, S., 2015, “Navigating Redesign and Market Desirability Implications when Considering Increased Product Variety,” Journal of Engineering Design, 26(7-9): 236-258, doi: 10.1080/09544828.2015.1024209.

Opeoluwa, O., Ferguson, S., and O’Connor, B., 2015, “Performance Analysis of a Thermoelectric Cooler with a Corrugated Architecture,” Applied Energy, 147: 184-191, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.01.132.

Ilies, H., Parkinson, M., Seepersad, C. C., Kokkolaras, M., Ragsdell, K., Papalmabros, P., Mistree, F., Williams, C., Rai, R., Panchal, J., Ferguson, S., DuPont, B., and Allison, J., 2015, “New Perspectives on Design Automation: Celebrating the 40th Anniversary of the ASME Design Automation Conference” (guest editorial), Journal of Mechanical Design, 137(5): 050301, doi: 10.1115/1.4030256.

Conference papers

Ferguson, S., 2015, “Climbing the Content Ladder: How Product Platforms and Commonality Metrics Lead to Intuitive Product Strategies,” 2015 Sawtooth Software Conference, Orlando, FL.

Cansler, E., Ferguson, S., and Mattson, C., 2015, “Exploring the Relationship between Excess and System Evolutions using a Stress-test,” Proceedings of the ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2015-47603.

Shin, J. and Ferguson, S., 2015, “Exploring the Relationship between Excess and System Evolutions using a Stress-test,” Proceedings of the ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2015-47632.

Von Hagel, K., and Ferguson, S., 2015, “Simulating Variability of Rework Cost and Market Performance Estimates in Product Redesign,” Proceedings of the ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2015-47598.

Antonik, M., Ferguson, S., and O’Connor, B., 2015, “Performance Comparison of a Bulk Thermoelectric Cooler with a Hybrid Device Architecture,” Proceedings of the ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conference & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC2015-47610.

Watson, J. D., Allen, J. D, Mattson, C., and Ferguson, S., 2015, “Optimization of System Evolvability Under Uncertainty,” AIAA Aviation 2015, Dallas, TX, June 22-26.

 

2014

Journal papers

Edwin, L. E., Denhart, J. D., Gemmer, T. R., Ferguson, S., and Mazzoleni, A. P., 2014, “Performance Analysis and Technical Feasibility Assessment of a Transforming Roving-Rolling Explorer Rover for Mars Exploration,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 136(7), 071010, doi: 10.1115/1.4027336.

Tackett, M. W. P., Mattson, C. A., and Ferguson S., 2014, “A Model for Quantifying System Evolvability Based on Excess and Capacity,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 136(5), 051002, doi: 10.1115/1.4026648.

Archer, J. R., Fang, T., Ferguson, S., and Buckner, G. D., 2014, “Multiobjective Design Optimization of a Variable Geometry Spray Fuel Injector,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 136(4), 044501, doi: 10.1115/1.4026263.

Ferguson, S. M., Olewnik, A. T., and Cormier, P., 2014, “A Review of Mass Customization Across Marketing,Engineering, and Distribution Domains Toward Development of a Process Framework,”Research in Engineering Design, 25(1): 11-30, doi: 10.1007/s00163-013-0162-4.

Foster, G., Turner, C., Ferguson, S., Donndelinger, J., 2014, “Creating Targeted Initial Populations for Genetic Product Searches in Heterogeneous Markets,” Engineering Optimization, 46(12): 1729-1747, doi:10.1080/0305215X.2013.861458.

Conference papers

Foster, G., and Ferguson, S., 2014, “Considering Design Prohibitions in Product Line Optimization,” Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Buffalo, NY, DETC2014-35307.

Allen, J., Watson, J., Mattson, C., and Ferguson, S., 2014, “Evaluation of System Reconfigurability Based on Usable Excess,” Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Buffalo, NY, DETC2014-34298.

Von Hagel, K., and Ferguson, S., 2014, “Effect of Expert Data Variability in the Change Prediction Method,” Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Buffalo, NY, DETC2014-34432.

Cansler, E., Ferguson, S., and Mattson, C., 2014, “Identifying and Mapping Excess Relationships in Complex Engineered Systems,” Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Buffalo, NY, DETC2014-34971.

Von Hagel, K., Joglekar, S., Pankow, M., and Ferguson, S., 2014, “Exploring Robust Composite Panels using Multi-objective Optimization and Varying Load Conditions,” AIAA Aviation 2014, Atlanta, GA, June 16-20, AIAA-2014-3161.

Watson, J., Allen, J., Mattson, C., Cansler, E., and Ferguson, S., 2014, “Optimization of Excess System Capability for Increased Reconfigurability,” AIAA Aviation 2014, Atlanta, GA, June 16-20, AIAA-2014-2040.

 

2013

Journal papers

Foster, G., and Ferguson, S., 2013, “Exploring the Effectiveness of Using Graveyard Data When Generating Design Alternatives,” Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, 13(4), 041003, doi: 10.1115/1.4024913

Conference papers

Ferguson, S., and Foster, G., 2013, “Demonstrating the need and value for a multiobjective product search,” Sawtooth Software Conference.

Foster, G., and Ferguson, S., 2013, “Enhanced Targeted Initial Populations for Multiobjective Product Line Optimization,” Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Portland, OR, DETC2013-13303.

Foster, G., Denhart, J., and Ferguson, S., 2013, “Effects of Feedback on Design Space Exploration,” Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Portland, OR, DETC2013-13243.

Shaefer, D, and Ferguson, S., 2013, “Using a Goal-Switching Selection Operator in Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm Optimization Problems,” Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Portland, OR, DETC2013-13199.

Denhart, J., Ferguson, S., Gemmer, T., and Mazzoleni, A., 2013, “A Concept Selection Framework for Early Sorting of Reconfigurable System Designs,” Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Portland, OR, DETC2013-13222.

Denhart, J., Gemmer, T., Ferguson, S., and Mazzoleni, A., 2013, “Tradespace Exploration of Reconfigurability using Surrogate Points to Simplify Dominace Determination,” 54th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Boston, MA, AIAA-2013-1598.

Tackett, M., Mattson, C., and Ferguson, S., 2013, “A Model for Quantifying System Evolvability Based on Excess and Modularity,” 54th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Boston, MA, AIAA-2013-1598.

 

2012

Conference papers

Turner, C., Ferguson, S., and Donndelinger, J., 2012, “Targeted Initial Populations for Multiobjective Product Line Optimization,” 14th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis Optimization Conference, Indianapolis, IN, AIAA-2012-5443.

Denhart, J., Gemmer, T., Edwin, L., Ferguson, S., and Mazzoleni, A., 2012, “Assessing Reconfigurable Rover Concepts in Chaotic Terrain Environments,” 14th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis Optimization Conference, Indianapolis, IN, AIAA-2012-5561.

Moore, B., Holland, M., and Ferguson, S., 2012, “Transforming for Stability and Aerodynamic Performance in a Reconfigurable UAV,” 14th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis Optimization Conference, Indianapolis, IN, AIAA-2012-5530.

Belt, A., and Ferguson, S., 2012, “Applications of Metamodels and Logistic Models to Engineering Design Problems,” 14th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis Optimization Conference, Indianapolis, IN, AIAA-2012-5690.

Foster, G., Holland, M., Ferguson, S., and Deluca, W., 2012, “The Creation of Design Modules for Use in Engineering Design Education,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Education Conference, Chicago, IL, DETC2012-71181.

Porterfield, K.., and Ferguson, S., 2012, “Quantifying Customer Sacrifice for Use in Product Customization Problems,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Automation Conference, Chicago, IL, DETC2012-71151.

Turner, C., Foster, G., Ferguson, S., Donndelinger, J., and Beltramo, M., 2012, “Creating Targeted Initial Populations for Genetic Product Searches,” 2012 Sawtooth Software Conference, Orlando, FL.

 

2011

Conference papers

Ferguson, S., Cormier, P., and Olewnik, A., 2011, “Exploring Marketing to Engineering Information Mapping in Mass Customization: A Presentation of Ideas, Challenges and Resulting Questions,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Automation Conference, Washington, DC., DETC2011-48742.

Foster, G., and Ferguson, S., 2011, “Assessing the Effectiveness of Using Graveyard Data for Generating Design Alternatives,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Automation Conference, Washington, DC., DETC2011-48636.

Sullivan, E., Ferguson, S., and Donndelinger, J., 2011, “Exploring Differences in Preference Heterogeneity Representation and Their Influence in Product Family Design,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Automation Conference, Washington, DC., DETC2011-48596.

Turner, C., Ferguson, S., and Donndelinger, J., 2011, “Exploring Heterogeneity of Customer Preference to Balance Commonality and Market Coverage,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Automation Conference, Washington, DC., DETC2011-48581.

 

2010

Conference papers

Ferguson, S., and Donndelinger, J., 2010, “A Multidisciplinary Approach to Market Segmentation and Product Family Definition,” 13th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis Optimization Conference, Fort Worth, TX, AIAA-2010-9228.

Foster, G., and Ferguson, S., 2010, “Exploring the Impact of Distance Metrics on Alternative Generation in a Multiobjective Problem,” 13th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis Optimization Conference, Fort Worth, TX, AIAA-2010-9091.

Sullivan, E., Tortorice, M., and Ferguson, S., 2010, “Using Design Reconfigurability to Mitigate the Effects of Uncontrolled System Variations,” 13th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis Optimization Conference, Fort Worth, TX, AIAA-2010-9185.

Simov, P., and Ferguson, S., 2010, “Investigating the Significance of ‘One-to-Many’ Mappings in Multiobjective Optimization,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Automation Conference, Montreal, Quebec, DETC2010-28689.

Ferguson, S., Malegaonkar, P., Olewnik, A., Cormier, P., and Kansara, S., 2010, “Mass Customization: A Review of the Paradigm Across Marketing, Engineering and Distribution Domains,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Automation Conference, Montreal, Quebec, DETC2010-28753.

Klumpe, H., Turner, J., and Ferguson, S., 2010, “The Incredible Egg: Investigating the Design Education Challenges and Complexity of the Egg Drop Project,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Education Conference, Montreal, Quebec, DETC2010-28817.

 

2009

Journal papers

Ferguson, S., Kasprzak, E., and Lewis, K., 2009, “Designing a Family of Reconfigurable Vehicles Using Multilevel Multidisciplinary Design Optimization,” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 39(2): 171-186, doi: 10.1007/s00158-008-0319-3.

Conference papers

Ferguson, S., Tilstra, A., Seepersad, C. C., and Wood, K. L., 2009, “Development of a Changeable Airfoil Optimization Model for Use in the Multidisciplinary Design of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Design Automation Conference, San Diego, CA, DETC2009-87482.

2008 and earlier

Journal papers

Ferguson, S., and Lewis, K., 2006, “Effective Development of Reconfigurable Systems Using Linear State-Feedback Control,” AIAA Journal, 44(4) pp. 868-878, doi: 10.2514/1.17147.

Gurnani, A., Ferguson, S., Donndelinger, J., and Lewis, K., 2006, “A Constraint-Based Approach to Feasibility Assessment in Conceptual Design,” Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, Special Issue on Constraints and Design, 20(4) pp. 351-367, doi: 10.1017/S0890060406060252.

Ferguson, S., Gurnani, A., Donndelinger, J. and Lewis, K., 2005, “A Study of Convergence and Mapping in Preliminary Vehicle Design,” International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modeling and Testing, 1(1/2/3) pp.192-215, doi: 10.1504/IJVSMT.2005.008579.

Olewnik, A., Brauen, T., Ferguson, S., and K. Lewis, 2004, “A Framework For Flexible Systems And Its Implementation In Multiattribute Decision Making,” Journal of Mechanical Design, 126(3) pp. 412-419, doi:10.1115/1.1701874.

Conference papers

Naim, A., Ferguson, S., Lewis, K., 2008, “Evaluating the Impact of Performance Uncertainty on Vehicle Demand and Design,” 12th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference, Victoria, BC, AIAA-2008-6005.

Ferguson, S., Lewis, K., 2008, “Investigating the Interaction between Reconfigurability and System Mass using Multidisciplinary Design Optimization,” 49th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ACE Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Schaumburg, IL, AIAA-2008-1803.

Ferguson, S., Lewis, K., Siddiqi, A., and de Weck O., 2007, “Flexible and Reconfigurable Systems: Nomenclature and Review,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences, Design Automation Conference, Las Vegas, NV, DETC2007/DAC-35745.

Ferguson, S., Kasprzak, E., and Lewis, K., 2007, “Design and Optimization of Reconfigurable Vehicle Platforms,” 48th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ACE Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Honolulu, HI, AIAA-2007-1880.

Ferguson, S., Lewis, K., and Donndelinger, J., 2006, “Optimization of Vehicles and Platforms Through Engineering and Marketing Integration,” 11th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference, Portsmouth, VA, AIAA-2006-6920.

Donndelinger, J., Ferguson, S., and Lewis, K., 2006, “Exploring Mass Trade-Offs in Preliminary Vehicle Design using Pareto Sets,” 11th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference, Portsmouth, VA, AIAA-2006-7056.

Gurnani, A., Ferguson, S., Donndelinger, J., and Lewis, K., 2005, “Feasibility Assessment in Preliminary Design Using Pareto Sets,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences, Design Automation Conference, Long Beach, CA, DETC2005/DAC-84853.

Ferguson, S., Gurnani, A., Donndelinger, J., and Lewis, K., 2005, “A Study of Convergence and Mapping in Multiobjective Optimization Problems,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences, Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Long Beach, CA, DETC2005/CIE-84852.

Ferguson, S., and Lewis, K., 2004, “Effective Development of Flexible Systems in Multidisciplinary Optimization,” 10th AIAA/USAF/NASA/ISSMO Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, Albany, NY, AIAA-2004-4309.

Olewnik, A., Brauen, T., Ferguson, S., and K. Lewis, 2001, “A Framework for Flexible Systems and its Implementation in Multiattribute Decision Making,” ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences, Design Theory and Methodology Conference, Pittsburgh, PA, DETC2001/DTM-21703.